Ask the rabbi
QUESTION: We just returned from a Bar Mitzvah in a traditional Conservative synagogue on the East Coast. There was an elaborate Shabbat luncheon following worship, and a sign on the buffet table saying asked guests to put their fish appetizers on a separate plate from meat appetizers. What is that all about?
ANSWER: There are many different aspects to the kosher laws. Some are historically based. For example, we do not generally eat hind quarter of cattle, such prime cuts as sirloin, tenderloin, rump roast, T-bone, etc., because of a historic episode that occurred with Jacob in the Book of Genesis in our Bible. Jacob wrestled with an angel of G-d and was struck in the sciatic nerve of the hip. The Bible tells us “therefore the Jewish shall not eat of the sciatic nerve of the hip until this day.” In the case of the hind quarter, there is a procedure known in Hebrew as “nikur” where the sciatic nerve and other forbidden tissues are removed. Generally these cuts of meats are not available outside of Israel.
Other aspects of the dietary laws area about kindness to animals, such as the manner in which we slaughter.Other aspects of Kashrut do not give any explanation whatsoever, such as why we separate milk and meat.
This now brings us to your question. The Talmud tells us that one should not cook or eat fish and meat together. This is not the same kind of law as mixing meat and milk together, which is biblical and a serious violation of Jewish law. (I don’t know if I would go as far as saying this is just tradition, because it is a statute in the Talmud.)
The Talmud explains that there is a “danger” from eating meat and fish together. I never really understood what that meant, although it sounds like an allergic reaction. When I was in my first pulpit many years ago, I discussed these laws with an allergist and a dermatologist. They both said that the rabbis were very astute for their day — some 1,700 years ago — to have pointed out that there are individuals who have a rare, sometimes serious, reaction to meat and fish combinations.
Apparently the rabbis of the Talmud were aware of this condition and this became a very strong tradition and perhaps even a law in our religion. Cooking meat and fish together is strictly forbidden or even cooking fish in a meat pot. Eating the two together is also forbidden although one can eat one or the other, have a drink or something in between and then eat the other.
Often people misunderstand this law or are totally unaware of it. People think that since fish is pareve, neither meat nor milk, that it can be eaten indiscriminately with anything, like eggs can. This is not the case with fish and meat. Fish can be eaten with dairy or by itself or neutral foods like pasta. However, when it comes to meat, fish and meat need to be at least temporarily separated because of this Talmudic concern of “danger.”